Radiological features of azygos and hemiazygos continuation of inferior vena cava

Infrahepatic caudal/inferior vena cava interruption with azygos/hemiazygos continuation. Vascular anomaly in swine

BACKGROUND Swine are commonly used as a model to study congenital cardiovascular defects that occur in humans and these models have been both spontaneous and experimentally induced. Ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and atrial septal defect (ASD) are examples of experimentally induced models. Absence of caudal/inferior vena cava (CVC/IVC) with azygos/hemiazygos continuation i...

Heterotaxy syndrome and interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos continuation

Heterotaxy syndrome or situs ambiguous is a rare congenital disease in which the pattern of anatomical organization of the thoraco-abdominal visceral and vascular structures is not arranged in normal position. Patients with heterotaxy syndrome represent a wide range of anatomical variations including thoraco-abdominal structures. Here we report a rare case of asymptomatic heterotaxy syndrome in...

Unreliable Indicator of Azygos Continuation of the Inferior Vena Cava

Recognition of azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava (AC-IVC) is necessary to prevent unnecessary surgery, to modify the approach to right heart catheterization and to avoid potentially fatal azygos ligation at the time of thoracic surgery. Absence of the inferior vena cava (IVC) shadow on the lateral chest film has been claimed to be an important feature of AC-IVC. Our findings, howeve...

Duplicate inferior vena cava continuing as a hemiazygos continuation draining into the right atrium via persistent left superior vena cava.

A 59-year-old woman with known breast cancer presented liver lesions. As part of a metastatic workup, a thoracoabdominal enhanced contrast CT was performed. It revealed a persistent left superior vena cava (SVC) which reached the right atrium via an enlarged coronary sinus. This CT-scan also demonstrated the hemiazygos vein which was connected to the left SVC via the left superior intercostal v...

Azygous continuation of inferior vena cava.